{"id":"ab8eb527f7bdc0ea","name":"Cairo_historical_boundaries","capabilities":"Map,TilesOnly","description":"<p>Like organisms, thriving cities expand and transform over time.  Throughout history, cities have altered their boundaries due to reasons such as growth (either through migration or natural increase), resource or historical claims, and border disputes. The overarching pattern of a city’s evolution is an outward shift from the older, original city boundary, which is often seen as the present-day city center, towards the newer, extended borders. </p><p>The darker reds in the map represent the oldest available historic boundary while the lighter reds signify more recent city limits. Notice how the boundaries, like living organisms, ebb and flow as they evolve outward.  As infrastructure expands, city boundaries tend to follow natural landmarks, man-made borders, and transportation systems which gives each city an exciting and unique shape. </p><p><span style='color: rgb(77, 77, 77); font-family: '>Data source:</span><br /></p><div style='margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(77, 77, 77); font-family: '>Angel, S., J. Parent, D. L. Civco and A. M. Blei, 2010. Atlas of Urban Expansion, Cambridge MA: <a href='http://www.lincolninst.edu/subcenters/atlas-urban-expansion/gis-data.aspx' style='font-family: Verdana; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.3846153846153846; background-color: transparent;' target='_blank'>Lincoln Institute of Land Policy</a></div>","serviceDescription":"","server":"4yjifSiIG17X0gW4","type":"MapServer","access":"SECURE","status":"created","singleFusedMapCache":true,"spatialReference":{"wkid":102100,"latestWkid":3857},"initialExtent":{"xmin":3466108.694660728,"ymin":3489873.337978625,"xmax":3492014.548634774,"ymax":3525599.548014578,"spatialReference":{"wkid":102100,"latestWkid":3857}},"fullExtent":{"xmin":3467286.233517563,"ymin":3491497.256650514,"xmax":3490837.009780975,"ymax":3523975.6293734354,"spatialReference":{"wkid":102100,"latestWkid":3857}},"minScale":2311162.217155,"maxScale":9027.977411,"minLOD":8,"maxLOD":16,"tileInfo":{"rows":256,"cols":256,"dpi":96,"format":"PNG","compressionQuality":0,"storageFormat":"esriMapCacheStorageModeExploded","origin":{"x":-2.0037508342787E7,"y":2.0037508342787E7},"spatialReference":{"wkid":102100,"latestWkid":3857},"lods":[{"level":0,"resolution":156543.03392800014,"scale":5.91657527591555E8},{"level":1,"resolution":78271.51696399994,"scale":2.95828763795777E8},{"level":2,"resolution":39135.75848200009,"scale":1.47914381897889E8},{"level":3,"resolution":19567.87924099992,"scale":7.3957190948944E7},{"level":4,"resolution":9783.93962049996,"scale":3.6978595474472E7},{"level":5,"resolution":4891.96981024998,"scale":1.8489297737236E7},{"level":6,"resolution":2445.98490512499,"scale":9244648.868618},{"level":7,"resolution":1222.992452562495,"scale":4622324.434309},{"level":8,"resolution":611.4962262813797,"scale":2311162.217155},{"level":9,"resolution":305.74811314055756,"scale":1155581.108577},{"level":10,"resolution":152.87405657041106,"scale":577790.554289},{"level":11,"resolution":76.43702828507324,"scale":288895.277144},{"level":12,"resolution":38.21851414253662,"scale":144447.638572},{"level":13,"resolution":19.10925707126831,"scale":72223.819286},{"level":14,"resolution":9.554628535634155,"scale":36111.909643},{"level":15,"resolution":4.77731426794937,"scale":18055.954822},{"level":16,"resolution":2.388657133974685,"scale":9027.977411},{"level":17,"resolution":1.1943285668550503,"scale":4513.988705},{"level":18,"resolution":0.5971642835598172,"scale":2256.994353},{"level":19,"resolution":0.29858214164761665,"scale":1128.497176}]},"documentInfo":{"title":"Cairo_historical_boundaries","author":"UOdocent","comments":"","subject":"This map shows a selection of historical boundaries of the city.","category":"","keywords":"historical,  boundaries,  city,  urban,  metropolitan","credits":"Esri, Lincoln Institute of Land Policy","Title":"","Author":"","Comments":"","Subject":"","Category":"","AntialiasingMode":"Best","TextAntialiasingMode":"Force","Keywords":""},"copyrightText":"Esri, Lincoln Institute of Land Policy","tileServers":null,"maxExportTilesCount":100000,"exportTilesAllowed":false,"serviceItemId":"11b844b311e14f9db254333dc08345b4","mapName":"Layers","units":"esriMeters","supportedImageFormatTypes":"PNG","layers":[{"id":0,"name":"1800","parentLayerId":-1,"defaultVisibility":true,"subLayerIds":null,"minScale":0,"maxScale":0},{"id":1,"name":"1826","parentLayerId":-1,"defaultVisibility":true,"subLayerIds":null,"minScale":0,"maxScale":0},{"id":2,"name":"1846","parentLayerId":-1,"defaultVisibility":true,"subLayerIds":null,"minScale":0,"maxScale":0},{"id":3,"name":"1874","parentLayerId":-1,"defaultVisibility":true,"subLayerIds":null,"minScale":0,"maxScale":0},{"id":4,"name":"1897","parentLayerId":-1,"defaultVisibility":true,"subLayerIds":null,"minScale":0,"maxScale":0},{"id":5,"name":"1917","parentLayerId":-1,"defaultVisibility":true,"subLayerIds":null,"minScale":0,"maxScale":0},{"id":6,"name":"1927","parentLayerId":-1,"defaultVisibility":true,"subLayerIds":null,"minScale":0,"maxScale":0},{"id":7,"name":"1947","parentLayerId":-1,"defaultVisibility":true,"subLayerIds":null,"minScale":0,"maxScale":0},{"id":8,"name":"1960","parentLayerId":-1,"defaultVisibility":true,"subLayerIds":null,"minScale":0,"maxScale":0},{"id":9,"name":"1977","parentLayerId":-1,"defaultVisibility":true,"subLayerIds":null,"minScale":0,"maxScale":0}],"tables":[],"resampling":false,"currentVersion":10.81}